现役船体结构可靠性评估理论研究现状及展望

作为现役船体结构可靠性评估的关键技术,可靠性评估理论直接决定了可靠性评估结果的有效性和置信度。从可靠性评估理论的计算原理、度量指标计算及工程应用等方面阐述了传统可靠性评估理论和非概率可靠性评估理论的发展历程及研究现状,分析、总结了各可靠性评估理论在现役船体结构可靠性中的优势及不足,给出了今后开展相关研究的展望,并指出了现役船体结构可靠性研究的重点。     

基于GERT的武器装备维修备件订货间隔期预测

由于武器装备维修备件的需求是随机波动的,订货间隔期的准确预测就成为了一个难点。针对这样一个随机波动的需求系统,提出了利用GERT随机网络模型对其进行描述,进而求出随机波动需求的订货间隔期的解析表达式,解决了不确定性需求的订货间隔期的预测问题,为武器装备维修备件的科学管理提供数据支持。通过实例验证表明,GERT随机网络模型是解决武器装备维修备件订货间隔期的一种有效手段和方法。     

基于工况-时间分布规律确定装备预防性维修间隔期

考虑到装备工况变化通常会影响到装备寿命,提出了一种基于工况-时间分布规律的装备可靠性评估及预防性维修间隔期的确定方法。采用Gamma过程描述装备性能指标退化过程,以形状参数反映工况的变化,推导出基于工况-时间分布规律的装备寿命分布;进而得到可靠度表达式,确定了预防性维修间隔期;最后给出了方法在某6300型柴油机中的应用实例,验证了方法的有效性。     

基于NSGA-II和多属性决策的防空火力分配

为了解决防空火力分配问题,首先运用NSGA-II算法求出Pareto最优解集,然后运用多属性决策方法对Pareto最优解集中的解进行综合评估,并从中找出一个最优解。用区间数定性描述各属性,建立了防空火力分配的三目标优化模型。描述了NSGA-II算法和多属性决策方法的运算步骤。在仿真算例中,得到了一个最佳防空火力分配方案,说明该方法对于防空火力分配问题有良好的应用价值。     

基于非概率理论的混合不确定性结构可靠性分析方法

摘要: 针对不确定性结构可靠性分析中的输入变量分布参数具有不确定性和输入变量为区间模型的混合不确定性结构展开研究。考虑可用信息最少的情况,将分布参数的不确定性描述为区间模型。通过等概率转换方法将随机变量与其分布参数进行分离,使问题转化为随机与区间变量混合的可靠性问题,建立了混合不确定性问题的可靠性分析模型。基于非概率可靠性理论,建立混合不确定结构分析模型的二级极限状态函数并结合Kriging代理模型建立了高效的求解方法。此外,将所建立的混合不确定模型应用于飞行器结构的不确定性分析中,验证所建模型的合理性和所提方法的高效性和准确性。     

软件内建自测试中测试点的研究

“软件内建自测试”是软件测试和可测性设计研究领域中的一个新概念,其思想来源于硬件内建自测试BIST(Build-In-Self-Test),即模拟硬件BIST中的附加电路。在软件中也插入这样的一些“附加电路”,即测试点(CheckPoint),这样就大大减少了测试时的复杂度,其中测试点设置是软件内建自测试系统的核心模块之一。具体讨论了测试点设置策略、测试点个数,最后给出了一个具体的实现。     

改进的高脉冲重复频率雷达多假设距离估计方法

高脉冲重复频率雷达目标距离估计时面临距离模糊问题,因此必须采取一定方法解距离模糊。现有方法大都需要在每个驻留时间内至少两帧(包括两帧)检测到目标来实现目标距离估计,多假设方法虽然不要求在每个驻留时间内都需至少两帧检测到目标,但是当模糊区间发生变化时会出现目标距离估计错误。针对现有多假设方法的不足,提出改进的多假设方法,通过建立相关波门来判断目标所在的模糊区间是否改变并对目标状态作出修正,实现对模糊区间发生变化时目标距离的正确估计。仿真表明,方法可以不受模糊区间变化的影响,以较高精度实现目标距离估计。     

区间正交小波变换域FLP算法及其在捷联寻北中的应用

针对机抖激光陀螺角随机游走和发动机干扰等影响静态捷联寻北精度的问题,提出了一种新的基于区间正交小波变换的前向线性预测算法。该算法利用前向线性预测技术以及区间正交小波变换抑制边界效应的能力,有效地减小了角随机游走和发动机干扰。车载实验证明该算法的有效性。     

Two‐machine flow shop no‐wait scheduling with a nonavailability interval

We study a two‐machine flow shop scheduling problem with no‐wait in process, in which one of the machines is not available during a specified time interval. We consider three scenarios of handing the operation affected by the nonavailability interval. Its processing may (i) start from scratch after the interval, or (ii) be resumed from the point of interruption, or (iii) be partially restarted after the interval. The objective is to minimize the makespan. We present an approximation algorithm that for all these scenarios delivers a worst‐case ratio of 3/2. For the second scenario, we offer a 4/3‐approximation algorithm. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

Electronic warfare in the optical band: Main features,examples and selected measurement data

The paper presents the possibilities of, and methods for, acquiring, analysing and processing optical signals in order to recognise, identify and counteract threats on the contemporary battleground. The main ways electronic warfare is waged in the optical band of the electromagnetic wave spectrum have been formulated, including the acquisition of optical emitter signatures, as well as ultraviolet (UV) and thermal (IR) signatures. The physical parameters and values describing the emission of laser radiation are discussed, including their importance in terms of creating optical signatures. Moreover, it has been shown that in the transformation of optical signals into signatures, only their spectral and temporal parameters can be applied. This was confirmed in experimental part of the paper, which includes our own measurements of spectral and temporal emission characteristics for three types of binocular laser rangefinders. It has been further shown that through simple registration and quick analysis involving comparison of emission time parameters in the case of UV signatures in “solar-blind” band, various events can be identified quickly and faultlessly. The same is true for IR signatures, where the amplitudes of the recorded signal for several wavelengths are compared. This was confirmed experimentally for UV signatures by registering and then analyzing signals from several events during military exercises at a training ground, namely Rocket Propelled Grenade (RPG) launches and explosions after hitting targets, trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosions, firing armour-piercing, fin-stabilised, discarding sabots (APFSDS) or high explosive (HE) projectiles. The final section describes a proposed model database of emitters, created as a result of analysing and transforming the recorded signals into optical signatures.